National Library of Israel: Ms.Heb.8333.187
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Content

This is a page from a grammatical primer of Arabic written in Persian, discussing basic features of verbs and nouns. It lists numerous examples for different grammatical categories, which are organised within a category by lexical properties, such as body parts. 
 

Dates

(Dates unknown)

Details

Ms.Heb.8333.187
National Library of Israel
Bamiyan Papers
Silver (given following internal peer review)
New Persian (Arabic script)
Arabic (Arabic script)
Paraliterary

Physical Description

paper
Incomplete (top of recto missing), multiple lacunae, severe damage to the paper. Heavily conserved by the NLI. Black ink; verso used

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Related Shelfmarks

IEDC Data

1288
21/07/2025
12/11/2025

Citations

Arezou Azad
Mateen Arghandehpour, Nabi Saqee, Nadia Vidro
The transcription and translation are the original work of the IEDC Team (as yet unpublished in peer-review print)
See 'How to Cite'
https://www.invisible-east.org/corpus/1288/
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© National Library of Israel, All rights reserved.
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Folios
1. recto
Tags
Transcription
Translation
2. verso
Tags
Transcription
Translation
Transcription
Folio:
وَعَقْرَبٌ وَرِیْحٌ وَوَرقٌ وَسِلمٌ وَقِدْرٌ وَعَیْنٌ 1
وَاُذْنٌ وَیَدٌ وَرِجْلٌ وَسِنٌّ وَعُنُقٌ وَکَبِدٌ 2
وَکَتِفٌ وَکَفٌّ وَوَرَاءٌ فی جِهَاتِ وَقُدَّامٌ وعَرُوضٌ 3
الشَّعْرِ وَمُوْسَی الحَجّام وَکأسٌ وعُقَابٌ وعَنَّاقٌ وَ 4
شُعُوْبٌ مَعْرِفَةٌ غَیْرُ مَمْنُون والْمُنَوَّنْ وَذِرَاعٌ 5
[وَ]عَمیً وَرَحًا وَعَنْکَبُوْتٌ وَخَمْـرٌ وَجَمِیْع [+1]ـات 6
[+1]مٌ وَیَو[م؟] وذُکاءُ وصُوَاعُ وجَهَنَّمُ وَسَغَــرُ وَ  7
نَبی (؟) المفــــــــــرد اسم مفرد تنها باشد کی او را بسوي 8
اسم دیگر اضافت نکرده باشد چون هَذَا غُلامٌ وراَیْتُ 9
غُلامًا ومَرَرْتُ بِغُلَامٍ المضاف اسم مضاف ان باشد 10
[کی] او را بسوی اسم دیگر اضافت کرده باشند چون هذا غُلَامُ 11
زَیْدٍ ورَاَیْتُ غُلَامَ  زَیْدٍ وَمَرَرْتُ بِغُلَامِ زَیْدٍ المتمکِّنُ 12
اسم متمکن ان باشد کی اعراب درو جاي گیرد و پدید اید 13
چون هذا حِمَارٌ وجِدَارٌ ورَاَیْتُ حِمَارًا وجِدَارًا 14
[ومررتُ] وحِمَارٍ وجدَارٍ 15
[شـ]ـرح الفعل بدان کی فعل را نیز علامات 1
و دلایل است چنانک اسم را بود یکی از علامات 2
فعل انست کی از علامات اسم هیچ درو درنیاید 3
و بضدّها تَبَیَّن الا شیا و دیگر علامات فعل انست  4
کی بزمانه تعلق دارد چون ضرب امسٍ و یضرب الان 5
و یَضْرِبُ غدًا و سدیگر علامت انست کی قد 6
درو نیکو اید چون قَدْ قَامَ وَ قَدْ قَعَدَ و قَدْ یَقوُمُ 7
وَ قَدْ یَقْعُدُ و چهارم نشان فعل انست کی از لفظ او  8
[امر] و [نـ]ـهی بنا کنند چون اِضْرِب زَیْدًا ولا تَشتِمْ 9
[عـ]ـمْروًا اقســـام الفعل بدان کی فعل چهار قسمت است 10
ماضی است مستقبل است امر است نهی است 11
شرح المــــاضی بدان کی فعل ماضی ان باشد کی بزمانهء 12
گذشته تعلق دارد و همیشه مبنی باشد برفتح 13
قلّت حروفه او کَثْرَت ް[چون ضـ]ـربَ وَقَاتَلَ واکتَسَبَ 14
وَاسْتَخْرَجَ ماضی بر چهارده قسمت است سه از ان 15
مرمذکر غایب راست چون فَعَلَ بکرد ان مرد فَعَلَا بکردند 16
ان دو مرد 17
Translation
Folio:
1 Scorpion. Wind. Leaf. Truce. Pot. Eye.
2 Ear. Hand. Foot. Tooth. Neck. Liver.
3 Shoulder. Palm [of a hand]. Back and front side. 
4 Hairline. Cupper’s razor. Beaker. Eagle. She-goat (?). 
5 Tribes. Knowledge. Ungrateful. Nunation-taking. Forearm.
6 Blindness. Mill. Spider. Drink. All of [+1?] 
7 [+1?]. Day (?). Sun. Cup. Hell. Inferno.
8 Prophet (?). Individual [words]: An individual noun should be on its own and not be  
9 conjoined to another noun. For example, “This is a servant”, “I saw
10 a servant”, and “I walked by a servant”. [Noun] in a construct state: A noun that is in a construct state
11 is one that is placed adjacent and is conjoined to another noun. For example, “This is
12 Zayd’s servant”, “I saw Zayd’s servant” and “I walked by Zayd’s servant”. Triptotes.
13 A triptote noun is one which accepts inflection and shows it.
14 For example, “This is a donkey and a wall”, “I saw a donkey and a wall”,
15 [and “I passed] by a donkey and a wall”.  
1 Explanation of the verb: Know that verbs also have signs and
2 indicators, such as we had with nouns. One of the signs of the 
3 verb is that it takes none of the signs of a noun.
4 In their opposition, things become clear. Another sign of the verb is 
5 that it expresses time. For example, “He hit yesterday”, “He hits now”,
6 “He will hit tomorrow”. The third sign is that 
7 it goes well with qad. For example,“He had stood up (قَدْ قَامَ)”, “He had sat down (قَدْ قَعَدَ)”, “He may stand up (قَدْ یَقوُمُ)”, 
8 “He may sit down (قَدْ یَقْعُدُ)”. The fourth sign of the verb is that they create
9 for it a form of command and prohibition. For example, “Hit Zayd!”, “Don’t scold ʿAmr!”
10 Verb divisions: Know that a verb has four parts
11 There is the past tense, the future tense, the imperative, and the prohibition.
12 Explanation of the past tense: Know that the past is a verb the action of which occurred 
13 in the past. It is indeclinable [and ends in] a fatḥa,
14 [whether] it has few or many letters. [For example,] “He hit (ضَرَبَ)”, “He fought (قَاتَلَ)”, “He obtained (اکتَسَبَ)”, 
15 “He extracted (اسْتَخْرَجَ)”. The past tense is formed of fourteen parts, three of which
16 are third person masculine. For example, “He did (فَعَلَ)”, That man did [it], “They (dual) did it (فَعَلَا)”, 
17 The two men did it.
National Library of Israel: Ms.Heb.8333.187: Folio (recto)
National Library of Israel: Ms.Heb.8333.187: Folio (verso)
Images courtesy of National Library of Israel