Afghanistan National Archives: Firuzkuh 23
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Content

Legal query (istiftā) regarding the beneficiary of the harvest of two plots of land exchanged ten years earlier. The claimant – likely one of the original parties – demands the profit from the harvest (nuzul) not only from the plot he received in exchange but also from his original plot. The query seeks clarification on whether the claimant has the right to reap the benefit from the original plot, given that he had already exchanged it. The response, written by Muḥammad b. Abū Bakr, is negative. An explanation is added by Shihāb b. Awḥad, namely that the claimant cannot reap the harvest from the original plot because there is no evidence that he had sowed its seeds, emphasizing the principle that the beneficiary of the usufruct can only be the one who bought the seed that was sown.

Dates

(Dates unknown)

Details

Firuzkuh 23
Silver (given following internal peer review)
New Persian (Arabic script)
Legal

Physical Description

paper
Incomplete (right margin missing), black ink. In the bottom right corner is a note written by Mirza Khwaja Muhammad in ball point pen
10
horizontal

People

Publications

  • Khwaja Muhammad and Nabi Saqee, Barg-hāy az yak faṣl, yā asnād-i tārīkhī-yi Ghur (Kabul: Saʿīd 1388/2009) (Pages: 60-61)
    The IEDC transcription has been revised from this publication.

Related Shelfmarks

IEDC Data

1167
26/01/2025
20/07/2026

Citations

Ofir Haim
Nabi Saqee
The transcription has been revised from a previous publication (see Publications), the translation is the original work of the IEDC Team (as yet unpublished in peer-review print)
See 'How to Cite'
Images of this Text displayed on this web page are provided by Nabi Saqee.
© Nabi Saqee, All rights reserved.
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Contact

invisible_east@conted.ox.ac.uk (Please include the above permalink when contacting the editorial team about this Text)
Folios
1. recto
Tags
Folio:
Transcription
Folio:
العزة لله تعالی 1
چه فرمایند علما اهل اسلام رضـ[ـوان] 2
 الله علیم اجمعین در آنچ می پرسند کی دو [کس] 3
دو پاره زمین مبادله کردند بعد از مدت ده سال 4
 مدعی بیرون آمد یک پاره ازین زمینها [+ 2] 5
 هنوز در دست صاحب ملک بود [و نزل (؟)] 6
برداشت اکنون ازین زمین دیگر کی بعوض [+ 1] 7
است نزل طلب کند چون از یک پاره (؟) زمین نزل 8
نزل برداشته است او را رسد کی بزمین [دیگر (؟)] 9
تصرف کند و نزل برگیرد یا نه تفصیل بیان [فرمایند]  10
                                                 ثواب بود 11
نه والله اعلم کتبه محمد بن ابی بکر  12
چون تخم وی درین زمین ثابت نیسـ[ـت] 13
 نتواند نزل زمین برگرفتن نزل تخم [+ 1] 14
والله اعلم کتبه شهاب بن اوحـ[ـد (؟)] 15
[+ 2] 16
Translation
Folio:
1 Glory is to almightly God.
2 What is the judgement of the ulema of the people of Islam, may
3 God be pleased with them all regarding their query on: two [individuals who]
4 exchanged two parcels of land. After a ten-year period,
5 a claimant came forward [claiming that:] One of these parcels [+2]
6 remained in the hands of the [original owner], he
7 collected [the profits from it]. Now, from this particular [parcel of] land that had been exchanged,
8 he demands the profit. Given that he has reaped the
9 benefit from one parcel of land [already], is he permitted to collect the
10 usufruct of the other parcel of land and make a profit from it, or not? They should explain their judgement,
11                                                     may they receive recompense [in the afterlife].
12 No. God knows [best]. It was written by Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr.
13 Because his seed is not evidenced in this [plot of] land,
14 He cannot reap the benefits of this land: Seed begets usufruct.
15 God knows [best]. It was written by Shihāb b. Awḥ [ad] [+/-1].
16 [+2?]
Afghanistan National Archives: Firuzkuh 23: Folio (recto)
Images courtesy of Nabi Saqee